What is TPACK?

There are lots of theories and models on technology and education, but if you are thinking about reflecting on your own use of technology and the place of tech within the classroom, then the TPACK model is a good place to start.

It was developed by Koehler and Mishra but is based on Shulman’s ideas about the relationship between pedagogy and content.

How does it work?

The model initially asks you to think about three key areas of knowledge. Your technological knowledge (understanding and awareness of the technology tools available to you), your pedagogical knowledge (understanding of the approaches and techniques that best fit the learning you are planning for) and your content knowledge (what you want your pupils to know).

TPACK sounds like the name of a rap artist. Why is it called that?

The model uses initials to represent the different areas of knowledge. It is visually represented as three overlapping circles. Opportunities to reflect on your practice are created in the spaces where the circles intersect.

For example, PCK is where pedagogical and content knowledge meet. This would be a place where you have a strong grip of your content and underpin it with supporting pedagogy. In the space where the technological and pedagogical areas meet, you will be using technology with meaning and supporting or enhancing your approach with pedagogy.

TPACK is the model’s “holy grail”, where all of your knowledge combines and works seamlessly for the good of your learners.

Does that mean my lesson is only a success if the kids are doing all their work on iPads?

Not at all. There isn’t always a use for technology in lessons. Some of the best learning experiences happen with no tech whatsoever. Not only does the model reiterate that this is okay, it reinforces the fact that pedagogy should come before anything. Mark Anderson is a superb advocate of this.

What do other teachers think of it?

Like all educational models, it can be contentious. Not everyone agrees that all the circles should be the same size. For some, the technology circle may be much smaller, but for others it could overtake pedagogy. It’s about using the model for your own devices.

Will it help me teach more effectively with technology?

In a word − no. But it should prompt you to think about the relationship between the different types of knowledge and create a balanced and varied experience for your students.

How do I find out more?

For me, pedagogy always has to come first. You can read some excellent stuff from Mark Anderson on that here. Alice Keeler is a Google “guru”, but also tweets some super sensible thinking on incorporating technlogy within learning.

On the other hand, David Didau shares some really interesting thoughts on the dangers of technology in the classroom. Ultimately, it’s about you developing a pedaogy that best suits both yourself and your learners.

Sarah Wright is a senior lecturer at Edge Hill University. She tweets as @Sarah__wright1

Want to keep up with the latest education news and opinion? Follow TES on Twitter and like TES on Facebook