Academies minister Lord Agnew has been reappointed to the DfE on the third day of Boris Johnson's government reshuffle.
He was first named as academies minister in September 2017, and also oversees faith schools, independent schools, home education, and governance.
He had previously served on the DfE's board under Michael Gove.
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The former venture capitalist founded the Inspiration Trust academy chain in Norfolk and Suffolk.
Lord Agnew stepped down as chair of the trust on his appointment as a minister, but did not formally leave his last position there until February 2019.
When he was appointed, the DfE said arrangements would be agreed with the Cabinet Office "to ensure that processes are put in place to prevent any conflict of interest between his ministerial role and his charitable interests"
However, the DfE has refused to publish Lord Agnew’s conflict of interest agreement.
During his time at the DfE, he has been closely associated with efforts to find efficiencies in school spending, and crack down on academy CEO pay.
Mary Bousted, joint general secretary of the NEU teaching union, has said he “really has got a unique ability to put his foot in his mouth”.
In November, the minister bet a bottle of champagne to any school where he could not find any waste, and said he was "like a pig hunting for truffles" when it came to identifying inefficiencies.
In the same month, he claimed that school-efficiency advisers have found £35 million of savings at 70 schools.
Other controversial comments include his suggestion that teachers were ungrateful for the increase in employer contributions to the Teachers’ Pension Scheme, and that letting pupils with three Es at A level go to university was “a lunacy”.