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Science 4 Breakfast

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Having taught in the UK and abroad, I've experienced teaching many different syllabi including SABIS, AQA, WJEC and Cambridge. I develop resources to help teachers model key concepts, provide practice for students and include answers to help students self-assess their work. Planning for a 27 lesson week can be stressful to say the least, so I hope you find my resources useful. Thank you for choosing my lesson/s, I hope they enrich your teaching practice and make your life easier.

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Having taught in the UK and abroad, I've experienced teaching many different syllabi including SABIS, AQA, WJEC and Cambridge. I develop resources to help teachers model key concepts, provide practice for students and include answers to help students self-assess their work. Planning for a 27 lesson week can be stressful to say the least, so I hope you find my resources useful. Thank you for choosing my lesson/s, I hope they enrich your teaching practice and make your life easier.
GCSE Chemistry Pure, Impure and Formulations: Complete Lesson
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GCSE Chemistry Pure, Impure and Formulations: Complete Lesson

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This PowerPoint resource, introduces key concepts in chemistry, making it perfect for secondary-level science lessons. Students will learn the differences between pure substances, mixtures, and formulations, supported by engaging definitions, examples, and real-world applications. The resource begins with an interactive starter activity to review key ideas, such as the role of boiling and melting points in determining substance purity. It then delves into the distinctions between elements, compounds, and mixtures, accompanied by examples like mineral water, air, and paracetamol. The lesson also defines formulations as mixtures designed for specific purposes and includes relatable examples, such as toothpaste and paint, with their components and functions detailed. To enhance understanding, the resource incorporates data analysis tasks, allowing students to interpret melting and boiling point ranges to identify substances as pure or impure. Students are challenged to apply their learning through practice and extension questions, ensuring a thorough grasp of the topic. Formatted as a .pptx file, the resource is compatible with PowerPoint and Google Slides, making it accessible across devices. Last updated in December 2024, it includes updated examples and exercises to align with curriculum requirements. Ideal for educators seeking a comprehensive, interactive, and student-friendly resource, this PowerPoint bridges theoretical knowledge and practical understanding, promoting critical thinking and engagement in chemistry topics.
GCSE Chemistry Alkenes & Cracking Hydrocarbons: Complete Lesson
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GCSE Chemistry Alkenes & Cracking Hydrocarbons: Complete Lesson

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**Save 40% with the Complete Crude Oil and Hydrocarbons Bundle! ** Get this lesson as part of our GCSE Chemistry Crude Oil and Hydrocarbons Bundle and enjoy a huge discount! Instead of buying lessons individually, grab the entire unit with 5 lessons for just £6.00. Click here to get the bundle now: https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/resource-12984069 This detailed PowerPoint presentation is an educational resource designed for teaching the process of hydrocarbon cracking to secondary school students studying chemistry. It aligns with curriculum specifications related to hydrocarbons, alkenes, and organic chemistry. The resource introduces key concepts such as the definition of alkenes, their general formula, and their unsaturated nature due to the presence of a double bond. It also covers the process of cracking hydrocarbons, explaining both catalytic and steam cracking methods, and includes relevant equations for students to practice. The lesson provides clear learning objectives, which include defining alkenes and describing the first four alkenes with their molecular formulas and structures. Additionally, the resource explains how to conduct a chemical test for alkenes and outlines the conditions necessary for cracking. Students can engage with the content through interactive starter activities, such as answering questions about hydrocarbons, molecular formulas, and structural representations, which will help them develop a deeper understanding of the topic. The resource further explores real-world applications by discussing the role of cracking in oil refineries. It also addresses the challenges of balancing the supply and demand for various hydrocarbons, providing students with context for how cracking can be used to produce shorter, more useful hydrocarbons from longer chains. The concept of polymerization is also included, explaining how ethene (a product of cracking) is used to create poly(ethene), a widely used plastic material. To enhance the learning experience, the PowerPoint includes multimedia elements, such as links to YouTube videos that demonstrate experiments and the cracking process. The resource is available in PowerPoint format (.pptx) and has been updated to ensure accuracy and relevance. This resource is an ideal teaching tool for educators looking to deliver comprehensive, engaging, and informative lessons on hydrocarbon cracking.
AQA GCSE Chemistry – Required Practical: Electrolysis of Aqueous Solutions
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AQA GCSE Chemistry – Required Practical: Electrolysis of Aqueous Solutions

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This PowerPoint resource is a step-by-step guide for conducting and analyzing a core chemistry experiment. It is designed to help students understand the electrolysis of aqueous solutions using inert electrodes, identify the products at the electrodes, and write balanced half-equations. Key learning objectives include: Conducting an investigation into the electrolysis of different aqueous solutions. Identifying the elements or compounds formed at the cathode (negative electrode) and anode (positive electrode). Writing and classifying half-equations as oxidation or reduction. The resource provides a comprehensive introduction to electrolysis, including starter activities to review concepts like ionization and electrode reactions. It details the apparatus required, safety precautions, and experimental steps, ensuring students can carry out the investigation with confidence. Observations and guidance for analyzing results are also included, such as interpreting gas production and identifying metals deposited on electrodes. The resource includes practice questions and worked answers, helping students reinforce their understanding of redox reactions, the role of ion movement, and why specific products form at the electrodes. Designed for high school chemistry lessons, this ‘.pptx’ file is ideal for practical sessions and theory reinforcement. It aligns with exam specifications, making it a valuable tool for assessment preparation. The PowerPoint has been refined to improve clarity and engagement, making it an essential resource for teaching the required practical on electrolysis.
GCSE Chemistry Reactions of Metals with Oxygen and Water: Complete Lesson
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GCSE Chemistry Reactions of Metals with Oxygen and Water: Complete Lesson

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This PowerPoint resource provides a detailed introduction to the chemical reactions of metals with oxygen and water. It is designed to help students understand oxidation, reduction, and reactivity trends, alongside developing skills in writing word and balanced chemical equations. Key learning objectives include: Describing the reactions of metals with oxygen and water, including observations and products. Writing word and symbol equations for these reactions. Deducing the reactivity order of metals based on experimental evidence. The resource begins with a starter activity to engage students and activate prior knowledge. It explains how metals react with oxygen to form metal oxides and introduces the concept of oxidation as the gain of oxygen. Examples like magnesium and iron reacting with oxygen are supported by videos, demonstrations, and guided questions. Students practice writing equations for these reactions, enhancing their understanding of both word and balanced symbolic forms. The section on water reactions explores how metals like sodium and magnesium react to form metal hydroxides and hydrogen gas. Safety considerations and identification techniques, such as the squeaky pop test for hydrogen, are included. The resource also covers the trend in reactivity down Group 1 of the periodic table, helping students link theoretical knowledge to practical trends. This editable ‘.pptx’ file is ideal for middle and high school chemistry lessons and aligns with most curriculum specifications. It is a valuable teaching tool for introducing students to metal reactivity and foundational chemical concepts.
GCSE Chemistry Graphene and Fullerenes: Complete Lesson
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GCSE Chemistry Graphene and Fullerenes: Complete Lesson

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Dive into the fascinating world of carbon allotropes with this lesson on fullerenes and graphene, last updated on 3rd December 2024. This engaging resource introduces students to two of carbon’s most innovative forms, exploring their unique structures, properties, and applications. Fullerenes are hollow molecular structures made of carbon atoms arranged in hexagonal and pentagonal rings. Their spherical and tubular forms, such as C60 molecules and carbon nanotubes, exhibit remarkable properties like high tensile strength and excellent thermal and electrical conductivity. These characteristics make them valuable for applications in materials science, electronics, and even targeted drug delivery. Graphene, a single-atom-thick layer of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice, is the thinnest, strongest, and most conductive material discovered to date. It has groundbreaking potential in flexible electronics, advanced computing, and energy storage. This lesson includes: Thought-provoking starter questions to activate prior knowledge on carbon bonding and allotropes. Hands-on activities like creating a graphene sample using sticky tape. Detailed notes on the discovery, structure, and uses of fullerenes and graphene. Exam-style questions to solidify understanding of their electrical conductivity, mechanical properties, and real-world applications. How to use: Begin with the starter activity to encourage discussion about carbon’s versatility. Transition to hands-on experiments and guided note-taking, concluding with review questions to assess comprehension. This resource provides an exciting way for students to explore cutting-edge materials that are shaping the future of science and technology.
GCSE Chemistry Solubility: Complete Lesson
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GCSE Chemistry Solubility: Complete Lesson

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This PowerPoint presentation, titled Solubility, provides a comprehensive introduction to solubility for secondary-level science students. It focuses on defining solubility, identifying soluble and insoluble substances, and understanding how temperature impacts solubility. This resource offers a hands-on and theoretical approach, designed to align with curriculum standards and foster deep learning. The lesson begins with clear learning objectives and a starter activity that introduces key concepts and vocabulary. Students are guided through the definitions of solute, solvent, and solution, reinforced with real-world examples. The core lesson explains solubility as the maximum mass of solute that can dissolve in 100g of water, with detailed comparisons between substances like sugar and salt. Interactive activities include labeling substances as soluble or insoluble and filling in the gaps to consolidate understanding. Students also explore the concept of saturated solutions and how temperature affects solubility, with thought-provoking questions that connect theory to real-life contexts, such as seawater solubility at varying temperatures. The practical element guides students through an experiment to investigate the effect of temperature on solubility, complete with a detailed method, safety instructions, and analysis questions. Students learn to calculate solubility, plot graphs, and interpret data, developing their analytical and graphing skills. Updated with modern visuals and engaging activities, this PowerPoint file (.pptx) is compatible with most devices and adaptable for classroom or independent learning. It is an invaluable resource for educators seeking to make the topic of solubility accessible and engaging for their students.
GCSE Chemistry Chemical Formulae and Structure of Ionic Compounds: Complete Lesson
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GCSE Chemistry Chemical Formulae and Structure of Ionic Compounds: Complete Lesson

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This engaging PowerPoint lesson is designed to help students master the fundamental concepts of ionic compounds. Perfect for secondary school chemistry classes, it features clear explanations, practical examples, and interactive tasks that align with key curriculum standards. What’s Covered: Understanding Ionic Compounds: Explore the formation of ionic compounds and deduce their chemical formulae using examples like magnesium oxide and potassium chloride. Learn about polyatomic ions, including sulphate and nitrate. Ionic Bonding and Lattices: Examine the arrangement of ions in giant ionic lattices, focusing on sodium chloride’s 3D structure. Compare various models (2D, 3D, ball-and-stick, dot-and-cross), discussing their advantages and limitations. Learning Objectives: Deduce the formula of common ionic compounds. Represent ionic structures with models and diagrams. Understand the limitations of different representational methods. Interactive Activities: Starter questions and practice problems for deducing chemical formulae. Creative tasks like building ionic lattices with molymod kits. Exam-style questions to consolidate understanding. Why This Resource? Aligned with secondary school chemistry curricula, ensuring comprehensive coverage. Flexible usage: Ideal for guided lessons, homework, or revision. Promotes active learning through hands-on activities and real-world applications. File Type: PowerPoint (.pptx) Updated: December 2024 – Includes additional examples, enhanced visuals, and video integration for interactive learning. This resource is an excellent choice for teachers looking to make the topic of ionic compounds both accessible and engaging for their students!
GCSE Chemistry Fractional Distillation: Complete Lesson
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GCSE Chemistry Fractional Distillation: Complete Lesson

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This interactive PowerPoint lesson introduces students to fractional distillation, focusing on its effectiveness in separating mixtures of miscible liquids like ethanol and water. Designed for middle and high school science curricula, the resource explains key concepts such as boiling points, the role of a fractionating column, and the differences between fractional and simple distillation. The resource features a variety of engaging activities, including: Starter questions on boiling and melting points and their relevance to distillation. Fill-in-the-gap exercises to reinforce definitions of miscible and immiscible liquids and the fractional distillation process. Step-by-step activities to help students sequence the process and label apparatus like the condenser and fractionating column. Challenge questions and detailed explanations enhance understanding of why fractional distillation is more effective than simple distillation for separating liquids with similar boiling points. The resource also includes diagrams, practice questions, and links to supplementary videos for visual demonstrations. Last updated: December 2024 Included file: PowerPoint Presentation (.pptx). This resource is ideal for teachers exploring separation techniques within science units and aims to provide a comprehensive and interactive learning experience. Download now to bring fractional distillation to life in your classroom!
GCSE Chemistry Ar, Mr and Calculating Percentage by Mass of Elements in Compounds: Complete Lesson
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GCSE Chemistry Ar, Mr and Calculating Percentage by Mass of Elements in Compounds: Complete Lesson

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This detailed PowerPoint presentation, is an essential resource for chemistry students to master core concepts. The lesson is structured to help learners define and apply relative atomic mass (Ar) and relative formula mass (Mr), utilizing the periodic table effectively. Students will also learn to calculate the percentage mass of elements within compounds, making it a versatile tool for foundational chemistry education. Key learning objectives include: Defining Ar and Mr. Identifying atomic and mass numbers using the periodic table. Calculating relative formula masses of compounds, even those with brackets. Determining the percentage mass of elements in chemical compounds. The presentation includes engaging starter activities, such as balancing equations and calculating subatomic particles for elements, followed by detailed explanations and worked examples. For instance, students will calculate the percentage mass of hydrogen in water (H₂O) and oxygen in glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆), reinforcing real-world applications. Designed for GCSE-level chemistry or equivalent, this resource provides practice questions with answers, ranging from simple calculations to more complex problems involving multiple atoms. It ensures a step-by-step understanding of concepts and offers a robust platform for both classroom instruction and independent study. The file format is PowerPoint (.pptx), compatible with most educational devices. This update includes enhanced examples and refined content for greater clarity and engagement. Perfect for educators aiming to deliver dynamic lessons and for students striving to excel in chemistry.
GCSE Chemistry Earth's Atmosphere and How it has Changed: Complete Lesson
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GCSE Chemistry Earth's Atmosphere and How it has Changed: Complete Lesson

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This PowerPoint presentation provides a detailed exploration of Earth’s atmosphere, its historical evolution, and the processes that have shaped its composition. It is designed for secondary school students and aligns with key chemistry and earth science curriculum standards. The lesson begins with clear learning objectives, such as describing the composition of the current atmosphere and explaining how it has evolved from the early atmosphere. A starter activity encourages students to identify the gases present in the air, laying a foundation for deeper discussions. Key topics covered include: The Early Atmosphere: Explains the formation of Earth’s early atmosphere through volcanic activity, detailing the presence of gases like carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and water vapor. The resource highlights the absence of oxygen and discusses the cooling of Earth, leading to the formation of oceans. Role of Photosynthesis: Describes how algae and later plants transformed the atmosphere by reducing carbon dioxide levels and increasing oxygen through photosynthesis. Balanced chemical equations illustrate this process. Carbon Storage: Explores how carbon dioxide became locked in sedimentary rocks, fossil fuels, and dissolved in oceans. Examples include the formation of limestone, coal, and crude oil. Modern Atmospheric Composition: Presents the percentages of gases like nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide in the current atmosphere, connecting their stability to ecological processes. Interactive elements include diagram completions, review questions, and exam-style tasks to ensure comprehension. The resource also addresses scientific theories and the evidence supporting our understanding of Earth’s atmospheric evolution. Available as a PowerPoint file (.pptx), this resource is updated to remain relevant and is ideal for educators seeking to deliver engaging, structured, and informative lessons on Earth’s atmosphere and its changes over time.
GCSE Chemistry Ionic Equations for Metal and Acid Reactions Oxidation and Reduction: Complete Lesson
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GCSE Chemistry Ionic Equations for Metal and Acid Reactions Oxidation and Reduction: Complete Lesson

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This PowerPoint resource provides a comprehensive guide to understanding the chemistry of metal and acid reactions, focusing on ionic equations, oxidation, and reduction. It is designed to help students analyze reactions in terms of electron transfer and write accurate equations to represent these processes. Key learning objectives include: Describing reactions between metals and acids using ionic equations. Determining and explaining which species are oxidized and reduced in a reaction using the principles of electron transfer. Writing net ionic equations and corresponding half-equations for redox reactions. The resource begins with engaging starter activities, such as identifying reaction products and writing word and balanced equations. It then introduces the concept of ionic equations, emphasizing the role of spectator ions and the importance of splitting reactions into their ionic components. Students are guided through the process of writing net ionic equations step by step, supported by worked examples for clarity. The concept of redox reactions is explained using the OILRIG mnemonic (Oxidation Is Losing, Reduction Is Gaining). Students learn to identify oxidizing and reducing agents and write half-equations for reactions like magnesium with hydrochloric acid or iron with nitric acid. Practice exercises and detailed answers are included to reinforce understanding. This ‘.pptx’ file is ideal for high school chemistry lessons and aligns with most exam board specifications. Fully editable, it can be tailored to suit different teaching needs. This resource has been enhanced for clarity and engagement, making it a valuable tool for mastering metal and acid reactions.
GCSE Chemistry Rate of Reaction, Surface Area, Temperature, Catalyst Concentration & Pressure Bundle: 5 Lessons
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GCSE Chemistry Rate of Reaction, Surface Area, Temperature, Catalyst Concentration & Pressure Bundle: 5 Lessons

5 Resources
This versatile teaching bundle is a must-have for secondary-level chemistry educators, featuring five meticulously crafted PowerPoint presentations. Each resource delves into essential aspects of reaction kinetics, ensuring students develop a thorough understanding of key concepts such as rates of reaction, collision theory, activation energy, and the effects of various factors on reaction rates. What’s Included: Lesson 1 - Rates of Reaction: Defines key terms like reactants, products, and reaction rate. Explores methods for measuring reaction rates with engaging activities such as graph plotting and data analysis. Includes exam-style questions, starter tasks, and a plenary for comprehensive learning. Lesson 2 - Surface Area: Focuses on how surface area influences reaction rates. Includes practical calculations, structured activities, and video-based alternatives for experiments. Lesson 3 - Effect of Temperature: Explains how temperature affects reaction rates using collision theory and activation energy concepts. Features PhET simulations, practice questions, and particle diagrams to enhance understanding. Lesson 4 - Concentration and Pressure: Explains the impact of concentration and pressure on reaction rates, supported by collision theory. Offers real-world examples, online simulations, and student-centered activities. Lesson 5 - Catalysts: Introduces the definition, function, and real-world applications of catalysts. Covers reaction profiles and environmental benefits. Each resource is updated (December 2024) with modern examples, interactive elements, and enhanced visuals for better engagement. The bundle is provided in PowerPoint format (.pptx), ensuring compatibility with most devices and platforms. This comprehensive package supports curriculum standards and fosters critical thinking, making it ideal for classroom and independent learning.
GCSE Chemistry Covalent Compounds Bundle: 4-Lessons
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GCSE Chemistry Covalent Compounds Bundle: 4-Lessons

4 Resources
This focused resource bundle provides a comprehensive overview of covalent bonding and the unique structures it creates. Designed for secondary school chemistry students, this four-lesson series explores simple and giant covalent molecules, connecting their structure and bonding to their fascinating properties and real-world applications. Updated on 3rd December 2024, it is an essential resource for teaching these key chemistry concepts. The bundle includes: Covalent Bonding: A foundational lesson explaining how atoms share electrons to form covalent bonds, with examples of single, double, and triple bonds. Simple Covalent Molecules – Structure and Properties: Examines how bonding and intermolecular forces influence the boiling points, solubility, and conductivity of substances like water and methane. Giant Covalent Structures – Diamond, Graphite, and Silicon Dioxide: A detailed exploration of these allotropes, their unique properties, and applications, from diamond’s hardness to graphite’s conductivity and silicon dioxide’s industrial uses. Graphene and Fullerenes: A dive into modern materials science, introducing graphene’s remarkable strength and conductivity and fullerenes’ potential uses in technology and medicine. How to use: Each lesson includes thought-provoking starter questions, detailed explanations, diagrams, and structured activities to engage students and reinforce learning. Exam-style questions and real-world examples help students connect theory to practice. This bundle is ideal for teachers seeking an interactive and curriculum-aligned approach to teaching covalent bonding and structures, ensuring students understand not only the science but also the significance of these materials in everyday life and cutting-edge technology. Lesson 1 - Covalent Bonding Lesson 2 - Simple Covalent Molecules - Structure and Properties Lesson 3 - Giant Covalent Structures - Diamond, Graphite and Silicon Dioxide Lesson 4 - Graphene and Fullerenes
GCSE Chemistry Chemical Calculations Bundle: 6-Lesson Unit
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GCSE Chemistry Chemical Calculations Bundle: 6-Lesson Unit

6 Resources
This resource bundle offers six meticulously crafted lessons to help students excel in quantitative chemistry. Designed for secondary school learners, it provides clear explanations, practical examples, and interactive activities, making it ideal for teaching, independent study, or revision. What’s Included: Conservation of Mass: Explore how mass remains unchanged during chemical reactions. Practical examples and engaging exercises ensure students grasp this core principle. Ar, Mr, and Calculating Percentage Mass of an Element in a Compound: Learn to calculate relative atomic mass (Ar) and molecular mass (Mr), and determine the percentage composition of elements within compounds. The Mole and Calculations Involving Mass, Moles, and Molar Mass: Simplify the concept of the mole with worked examples that show how to calculate the mass, number of moles, and Ar/Mr, supported by ample practice questions. Reacting Masses in Equations: Use balanced chemical equations to determine the masses of reactants and products, connecting theory with real-world applications. Counting Atoms, Writing, and Balancing Equations: Help students confidently write and balance chemical equations while understanding the role of coefficients and subscripts in counting atoms. Concentration of Solutions: Dive into solution chemistry with lessons on calculating concentration, mass, and volume, supported by examples and real-life contexts like dilutions and mixing solutions. Why Choose This Bundle? Each lesson includes starter activities, exam-style questions, and step-by-step worked examples. Topics are aligned with GCSE chemistry curricula, ensuring comprehensive coverage of key quantitative skills. Flexible usage: Perfect for guided teaching, revision sessions, or targeted intervention. File Type: PowerPoint (.pptx) Updated: December 2024 – New lessons on concentration and balancing equations have been added. Equip your students with the tools they need to confidently tackle quantitative chemistry and achieve success in their exams and beyond! Lesson 1 Counting Atoms, Writing Equations and Balancing Equations Lesson 2 - Conservation of Mass Lesson 3 - Ar, Mr and Calculating % Mass of an Element in a Compound Lesson 4 - The Mole and Calculating Number of Moles, Mass or Ar/Mr Lesson 5 - Reacting Masses in Equations Lesson 6 - Concentration of Solutions
KS3 Chemistry Chemical Formulae and Naming Compounds: Complete Lesson
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KS3 Chemistry Chemical Formulae and Naming Compounds: Complete Lesson

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This PowerPoint resource provides a comprehensive lesson on understanding chemical formulas, naming compounds, and interpreting the number of atoms in chemical structures. Designed for middle school science classes, it builds foundational chemistry skills through clear explanations and interactive tasks. Key learning objectives: Identifying the number of atoms of each element in a chemical formula, with or without brackets. Naming compounds consisting of non-metals only or a combination of metals and non-metals. Understanding and applying the rules for naming compounds with prefixes (mono-, di-, tri-, etc.) or specific endings (-ide, -ate). Resource features: The lesson begins with a starter activity where students recall the properties of metals and non-metals, and explain why the properties of elements differ from the compounds they form. Core concepts are introduced with real-world examples and detailed guidance: Chemical Formulae: Explains the use of element symbols to represent compounds and the meaning of subscript numbers, showing the ratio of elements in compounds like carbon dioxide and water. Brackets in Formulas: Teaches how to multiply elements inside brackets by the subscript number outside, using examples like calcium hydroxide and aluminium nitrate. Naming Non-Metal Compounds: Guides students in naming compounds using prefixes to indicate the number of atoms (e.g., carbon dioxide, sulfur hexafluoride). Naming Metal and Non-Metal Compounds: Covers the rules for naming ionic compounds, such as sodium chloride and calcium carbonate, and explains common endings for polyatomic ions (e.g., sulfate, nitrate). Interactive tasks include: Determining the number of atoms in given formulas. Naming compounds using provided rules and examples. Completing mixed practice questions, ranging from simple (e.g., NaCl) to complex formulas. The lesson concludes with a plenary that reinforces learning objectives through review questions, ensuring students can name compounds and interpret chemical formulas with confidence. File details: This editable ‘.pptx’ file aligns with middle school science curricula. It features structured explanations, real-world applications, and engaging activities, making it an essential resource for teaching chemical formulae and compound naming.
KS3 Chemistry The Particle Model: Complete Lesson
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KS3 Chemistry The Particle Model: Complete Lesson

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This PowerPoint resource introduces middle school students to the fundamental concept of matter being composed of particles. It emphasizes how particle behavior and arrangement influence the properties of solids, liquids, and gases. The lesson combines interactive activities and relatable examples to build a foundational understanding of particle theory. Key learning objectives: Stating that all materials are made up of particles. Describing how particle arrangement, type, and movement determine the properties of matter. Evaluating models used to represent particles and identifying their advantages and limitations. Resource features: The lesson begins with a starter activity where students unscramble key terms related to the topic (e.g., particle, property, solid, liquid, gas, vibrate) and identify solids, liquids, and gases in their environment. Core concepts are introduced with detailed visuals and examples: What are Particles? Explains that matter consists of particles too small to see, with comparisons like a glass of water containing billions of particles. Particle Behavior in States of Matter: Solids: Particles are tightly packed and vibrate in place, explaining their fixed shape. Liquids: Particles are close but can move past each other, allowing liquids to flow and take the shape of their container. Gases: Particles are far apart and move rapidly in all directions, filling any space available. Using Models to Represent Particles: Lego bricks demonstrate particle arrangements, highlighting the strengths and limitations of this model, such as not accurately showing movement or relative sizes of gaps. Interactive tasks include: Identifying properties of materials based on particle arrangements. Discussing the limitations of particle models and proposing improvements. Completing questions about density, movement, and compressibility, comparing substances like gold, aluminum, and oxygen. The plenary consolidates learning by asking students to explain why materials behave differently based on particle theory. File details: This editable ‘.pptx’ file aligns with middle school science curricula and introduces key particle model concepts in an accessible way. It includes structured explanations, interactive activities, and practical examples, making it an essential resource for teaching the basics of the particle model.
AQA GCSE Chemistry Energy Changes: 4 Lesson Unit
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AQA GCSE Chemistry Energy Changes: 4 Lesson Unit

4 Resources
This GCSE Chemistry Foundation Tier PowerPoint bundle provides a comprehensive series of lessons on energy changes in chemical reactions, including exothermic and endothermic reactions, reaction profiles, bond energy calculations, and required practicals. Designed for AQA GCSE Chemistry students, this bundle includes detailed explanations, practical investigations, visual diagrams, and exam-style questions to support learning and assessment preparation. What’s Included in the Bundle? Lesson 1: Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions Definition of exothermic and endothermic reactions and how they involve energy transfer. Examples of exothermic reactions (combustion, neutralisation) and endothermic reactions (photosynthesis, thermal decomposition). Practical examples of energy transfer, including hand warmers, self-heating cans, and sports ice packs. Lesson 2: Required Practical – Temperature Changes Step-by-step guide to investigating temperature changes in neutralisation reactions. How to classify reactions as exothermic or endothermic using temperature changes. Risk assessment, apparatus list, and full method for accurate experimentation. Graphing and data analysis – how to plot and interpret temperature change graphs. Evaluation of experimental errors and improvements. Lesson 3: Reaction Profiles Understanding reaction profiles (energy level diagrams) for exothermic and endothermic reactions. Definition of activation energy and how it affects the rate of reactions. How to label energy of reactants, energy of products, activation energy, and overall energy change on a reaction profile diagram. The role of catalysts in reducing activation energy and increasing reaction rates. Lesson 4: Bond Energy Calculations and Energy Changes How bond breaking is endothermic and bond making is exothermic. Explanation of why reactions are exothermic or endothermic based on energy required to break bonds vs energy released when forming bonds. Step-by-step worked examples of bond energy calculations. How to determine if a reaction is overall exothermic or endothermic using bond energies. Exam-style practice questions and calculations to reinforce understanding. Why Use This Resource? Designed for AQA GCSE Chemistry students. Fully editable PowerPoint (.pptx) files for easy adaptation. Clear explanations, structured lessons, and engaging visuals. Supports practical work and energy change calculations. Includes exam-style practice questions and activities to reinforce key concepts. Last updated: February 2025. This bundle is ideal for teachers, tutors, and students looking for a complete, curriculum-aligned set of lessons on energy changes in chemical reactions. Download now to enhance your chemistry teaching!
Using a Mass Balance
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Using a Mass Balance

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PowerPoint that covers the following learning objectives: Define the mass of an object. Measure mass of an object using a mass balance. Includes questions, pictures, instructions and a practical in which the students have to use mass balances to measure the mass of up to 20 objects. There are questions that ask students to add masses of objects together, substract masses and work out the difference. The results table, questions and space for answers are on the worksheet. This is for a primary/early secondary class. If you could spare 5 minutes, please review this resource, to help my online presence grow! :)
Investigating How Different Volumes of Water Cool Down
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Investigating How Different Volumes of Water Cool Down

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PowerPoint that covers the following learning objectives: Measure the temperature of a substance. Plot a graph of temperature vs. time. In this investigation, students will compare how a large beaker of hot water and a small beaker of hot water cool down differently. They will form a research question, hypothesis, fill in table of results, plot line graphs and form a conclusion. PowerPoint includes research question, hypothesis, method, graphs and conclusion. If you could spare 5 minutes, please review this resource, to help my online presence grow! :)
Chemistry Calculating Atom Economy
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Chemistry Calculating Atom Economy

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Practice calculating atom economy with these tiered questions. Answers included. If you could spare 5 minutes, please review this resource, to help my online presence grow! :)