Define elastic and non-elastic deformation in materials. Calculate the extension (or compression) of a material using its length and original length. State Hooke’s law and use it to calculate the force required to cause a given extension in a spring using the spring constant. Describe how elastic potential energy is stored when a material is stretched or compressed by a force. Describe force-extension graphs of elastic materials and identify the limit of proportionality. Compare the behaviour of different materials before and after the limit of proportionality.

Learning Objectives: State how energy and temperature are measured. Describe the difference between heat and temperature. Describe how energy is transferred from one object to another. Explain what is meant by thermal equilibrium.

State what conduction is. Describe how conduction happens. Describe how solids are better conductors than liquids.

This PowerPoint resource is perfect for teaching the concepts of thermal energy transfer through convection and radiation. Designed with clarity and interactivity in mind, it includes: Starter Activities: Thought-provoking questions to activate prior knowledge about heat conductors and insulators. Learning Objectives: Clearly defined goals to help students understand convection currents, describe radiation, and differentiate between heat transfer methods. Detailed Explanations: Step-by-step breakdowns of convection and radiation with real-life examples like heating in homes and energy transfer in space. Interactive Tasks: Gap-fill activities, question prompts, and diagram-drawing exercises to consolidate learning. Demonstrations: Visual examples and experiment-based questions to bring abstract concepts to life. Ideal for secondary school science lessons, this resource supports active learning and engagement.

Learning Objective: Investigate which materials are good insulators of heat. Method: Set up your boiling tubes: leave one unwrapped and wrap each of the others in a different material, using elastic bands or tape to hold the material in place. Try to make the different wrappings roughly the same thickness. Prepare lids for the containers, made out of the same material as the wrapping, if possible, otherwise made from aluminium foil or cling film. Make a hole in each lid which is just big enough for the thermometer to fit through. Use the measuring cylinder to pour 20ml of hot water into each boiling tube. Put the lids onto the containers, with a thermometer fitted through each lid so that it rests near the bottom of the water. Start the stopwatch and measure the starting temperature of the water. After 15 minutes, measure the temperature of the water in each beaker.

This PowerPoint is designed to help students explore and understand the factors influencing specific heat capacity and how it can be calculated. Perfect for secondary school science lessons, this resource includes: Starter Activity: Engage students with questions reviewing heat transfer concepts, such as conduction, insulation, and radiation. Big Question: “What is specific heat capacity, and how is it calculated?” guides the lesson focus. Key Definitions and Examples: Explain the concept of specific heat capacity with relatable analogies, such as why sand heats up faster than water. Interactive Activities: Gap-fill tasks to reinforce key definitions. Questions analyzing materials with low or high specific heat capacities. Calculations: Practice problems using the formula Q=mcΔT, with step-by-step guidance for solving specific heat capacity problems. Discussion Points: Explore real-world applications, like why water heats up slower than metals and how mass affects heating time. Plenary and Reflection: End with a plenary to revisit the big question and consolidate understanding. This resource is ideal for supporting students in mastering thermal energy concepts while encouraging critical thinking and application.

This PowerPoint resource guides students through the investigation of the specific heat capacity of an object, focusing on key scientific methods and calculations. Designed to meet curriculum requirements, it includes: Starter Activity: Questions to review the definition and formulae for specific heat capacity, as well as real-life applications (e.g., why a full kettle takes longer to boil). Step-by-Step Practical Instructions: Setting up equipment, including a mass balance, immersion heater, thermometer, and electrical circuit. Recording data such as voltage, current, and temperature changes over time. Performing the experiment with and without insulation to explore energy loss. Key Equations: Includes Q=mcΔT and E=IVt for calculating energy transfer and specific heat capacity. Analysis and Interpretation: Discussion on the effect of insulation on reducing energy loss. Exploring the precision and repeatability of results. Extension ideas, such as testing different materials or types of insulation. Graphical Representation: Opportunities to plot temperature vs. time and analyze trends. Reflection and Method Writing: Students are encouraged to write a clear, repeatable method and reflect on the reliability of their results. This resource is perfect for supporting students in mastering practical skills, data analysis, and understanding energy transfer concepts in a controlled, engaging environment.

This PowerPoint presentation provides a comprehensive lesson on internal energy for science students. It begins with an engaging starter activity to review foundational concepts such as specific heat capacity, energy transfer mechanisms, and kinetic energy stores. Key learning objectives include: Defining internal energy as the sum of kinetic and potential energy of particles in a substance. Exploring how heating affects a substance’s internal energy, temperature, and state of matter. Differentiating between changes in kinetic energy and potential energy during state changes like melting, boiling, and freezing. Understanding particle arrangements and movements in solids, liquids, and gases. The presentation also includes interactive tasks like gap-fill exercises, diagrams, and detailed explanations of heating curves. Practice questions reinforce understanding and encourage critical thinking about energy transfer and particle behavior during heating and phase transitions.