Designed for the new specification AQA GCSE course but can be modified for other exam boards. 22 slides covering Microscopy: By the end of the powerpoint students would have covered (includes a required practical): Students should be able to: understand how microscopy techniques have developed over time explain how electron microscopy has increased understanding of sub-cellular structures. Limited to the differences in magnification and resolution. An electron microscope has much higher magnification and resolving power than a light microscope. This means that it can be used to study cells in much finer detail. This has enabled biologists to see and understand many more sub-cellular structures. Students should be able to carry out calculations involving magnification, real size and image size using the formula: magnification = size of image size of real object Students should be able to express answers in standard form if appropriate. Required practical activity 1: use a light microscope to observe, draw and label a selection of plant and animal cells. A magnification scale must be included.

Check out my other resources at www.tes.com/teaching-resources/shop/mr_science Designed for the new specification AQA GCSE course (covers spec point 4.1.1.3) but can be modified for other exam boards. 13 slides covering Plant specialisation. By the end of the powerpoint students would have covered: -Describe how specialised cells in a plant carry out a particular function -Identify different parts of specialised plant cells and relate these identified parts to their function.

Designed for the new specification AQA GCSE( covers spec point 4.5.3.6 ) course but can be modified for other exam boards. 20 slides covering the use of hormones to treat infertility: Describe what is meant by infertility and suggest reasons for it Describe the steps used in IVF Describe how FSH and IVF can be used to help treat infertility Evaluate from the perspective of patients and doctors the methods of treating infertility

Designed for the new specification AQA GCSE course but can be modified for other exam boards. 16 slides covering Osmosis . By the end of the powerpoint students would have covered: Water may move across cell membranes via osmosis. Osmosis is the diffusion of water from a dilute solution to a concentrated solution through a partially permeable membrane. Students should be able to: use simple compound measures of rate of water uptake use percentages calculate percentage gain and loss of mass of plant tissue. Required practical activity 3: investigate the effect of a range of concentrations of salt or sugar solutions on the mass of plant tissue.

Designed for the new specification AQA GCSE( covers spec point 4.1.1 ) course but can be modified for other exam boards. 19 slides covering Culturing microorganisms: -State how bacteria multiple -Describe how to prepare an uncontaminated culture using aseptic technique -Calculate cross-sectional areas of colonies -Calculate the number of bacteria in a population after a certain time if given the mean division time -Required practical activity 2: investigate the effect of antiseptics or antibiotics on bacterial growth using agar plates and measuring zones of inhibition.

Designed for the new specification AQA GCSE( covers spec point 4.5.3.4 ) course but can be modified for other exam boards. 23 slides covering Hormones in human reproduction: By the end of the powerpoint students would have covered: 4.5.3.4 Hormones in human reproduction Students should be able to describe the roles of hormones in human reproduction, including the menstrual cycle. During puberty reproductive hormones cause secondary sex characteristics to develop. Oestrogen is the main female reproductive hormone produced in the ovary. At puberty eggs begin to mature and one is released approximately every 28 days. This is called ovulation. Testosterone is the main male reproductive hormone produced by the testes and it stimulates sperm production. Several hormones are involved in the menstrual cycle of a woman. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) causes maturation of an egg in the ovary. Luteinising hormone (LH) stimulates the release of the egg. Oestrogen and progesterone are involved in maintaining the uterus lining. (HT only) Students should be able to explain the interactions of FSH, oestrogen, LH and progesterone, in the control of the menstrual cycle. (HT only) Students should be able to extract and interpret data from graphs showing hormone levels during the menstrual cycle. Contains examination questions Alternative starter question for triple or combined science students.

Designed for the new specification AQA GCSE course but can be modified for other exam boards. 17 slides covering Metabolism. By the end of the powerpoint students would have covered: 4.4.2.3 Metabolism Students should be able to explain the importance of sugars, amino acids, fatty acids and glycerol in the synthesis and breakdown of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids. Metabolism is the sum of all the reactions in a cell or the body. The energy transferred by respiration in cells is used by the organism for the continual enzyme controlled processes of metabolism that synthesise new molecules. Metabolism includes: conversion of glucose to starch, glycogen and cellulose the formation of lipid molecules from a molecule of glycerol and three molecules of fatty acids the use of glucose and nitrate ions to form amino acids which in turn are used to synthesise proteins respiration breakdown of excess proteins to form urea for excretion.

Check out my other resources at: www.tes.com/teaching-resources/shop/mr_science Designed for the new specification AQA GCSE( covers spec point 4.5.3.7 ) course but can be modified for other exam boards. 10 slides covering Negative feedback: Describe the function of adrenaline and thyroxine Interpret and explain diagrams of negative feedback control Explain in detail how adrenaline prepares the body for ‘fight or flight’

Designed for the new specification AQA GCSE( covers spec point 4.5.3.5 ) course but can be modified for other exam boards. 16 slides covering Contraception: -Be able to describe what contraception is and list examples -List the advantages and disadvantages of different contraceptives -Evaluate the different hormonal and non-hormonal methods of contraception

Check out my other resources at: www.tes.com/teaching-resources/shop/mr_science 7 practice exam questions suitable for the new GCSE AQA specification. Great revision tool or could be used as a end of topic test.

Designed for the new specification AQA GCSE course but can be modified for other exam boards. 17 slides covering The Brain. By the end of the powerpoint students would have covered: 4.5.2.2 The brain (biology only) The brain controls complex behaviour. It is made of billions of interconnected neurones and has different regions that carry out different functions. Students should be able to identify the cerebral cortex, cerebellum and medulla on a diagram of the brain, and describe their functions. (HT only) Students should be able to explain some of the difficulties of investigating brain function and treating brain damage and disease. (HT only) Neuroscientists have been able to map the regions of the brain to particular functions by studying patients with brain damage, electrically stimulating different parts of the brain and using MRI scanning techniques. The complexity and delicacy of the brain makes investigating and treating brain disorders very difficult.

Designed for the new specification AQA GCSE course but can be modified for other exam boards. 15 slides covering Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells . By the end of the powerpoint students would have covered: **4.1.1.1 Eukaryotes and prokaryotes ** Plant and animal cells (eukaryotic cells) have a cell membrane, cytoplasm and genetic material enclosed in a nucleus. Bacterial cells (prokaryotic cells) are much smaller in comparison. They have cytoplasm and a cell membrane surrounded by a cell wall. The genetic material is not enclosed in a nucleus. It is a single DNA loop and there may be one or more small rings of DNA called plasmids. Students should be able to demonstrate an understanding of the scale and size of cells and be able to make order of magnitude calculations, including the use of standard form.

Designed for the new specification AQA GCSE course but can be modified for other exam boards. 25 slides covering the human endocrine system. By the end of the powerpoint students would have covered: **4.5.3.1 Human endocrine system ** Students should be able to describe the principles of hormonal coordination and control by the human endocrine system. The endocrine system is composed of glands which secrete chemicals called hormones directly into the bloodstream. The blood carries the hormone to a target organ where it produces an effect. Compared to the nervous system the effects are slower but act for longer. The pituitary gland in the brain is a ‘master gland’ which secretes several hormones into the blood in response to body conditions. These hormones in turn act on other glands to stimulate other hormones to be released to bring about effects. Students should be able to identify the position of the following on a diagram of the human body: pituitary gland pancreas thyroid adrenal gland ovary testes. Contains examination questions

Designed for the new specification AQA GCSE( covers spec point 4.7.2 ) course but can be modified for other exam boards. 11 slides covering Impact of environmental change: 4.7.2.4 Impact of environmental change (biology only) (HT only)

Designed for the new specification AQA GCSE course but can be modified for other exam boards. 21 slides covering Homeostasis By the end of the powerpoint students would have covered: 4.5.1 Homeostasis Students should be able to explain that homeostasis is the regulation of the internal conditions of a cell or organism to maintain optimum conditions for function in response to internal and external changes. Homeostasis maintains optimal conditions for enzyme action and all cell functions. In the human body, these include control of: • blood glucose concentration • body temperature • water levels. These automatic control systems may involve nervous responses or chemical responses. All control systems include: • cells called receptors, which detect stimuli (changes in the environment) • coordination centres (such as the brain, spinal cord and pancreas) that receive and process information from receptors • effectors, muscles or glands, which bring about responses which restore optimum levels.

Designed for the new specification AQA GCSE course but can be modified for other exam boards. 17 slides covering Cell division (chromosomes, mitosis and the cell cycle) By the end of the powerpoint students would have covered: 4.1.2.1 Chromosomes The nucleus of a cell contains chromosomes made of DNA molecules. Each chromosome carries a large number of genes. In body cells the chromosomes are normally found in pairs. **4.1.2.2 Mitosis and the cell cycle ** Cells divide in a series of stages called the cell cycle. Students should be able to describe the stages of the cell cycle, including mitosis. During the cell cycle the genetic material is doubled and then divided into two identical cells. Before a cell can divide it needs to grow and increase the number of sub-cellular structures such as ribosomes and mitochondria. The DNA replicates to form two copies of each chromosome. In mitosis one set of chromosomes is pulled to each end of the cell and the nucleus divides. Finally the cytoplasm and cell membranes divide to form two identical cells. Students need to understand the three overall stages of the cell cycle but do not need to know the different phases of the mitosis stage. Cell division by mitosis is important in the growth and development of multicellular organisms. Students should be able to recognise and describe situations in given contexts where mitosis is occurring.

Check out my other resources at: www.tes.com/teaching-resources/shop/mr_science Designed for the new specification AQA GCSE course (covers spec point 4.1.1.3) but can be modified for other exam boards. 10 slides covering Animal cell specialisation . By the end of the powerpoint students would have covered: -Explain how cells become specialised through differentiation. -Why are animal cells specialised -Be able to link structure to function of different animal cells.

Check out my other resources at: www.tes.com/teaching-resources/shop/mr_science Designed for the new specification AQA GCSE( covers spec point 4.7.2 ) course but can be modified for other exam boards. 27 slides covering Levels of organisation. By the end of the powerpoint students would have covered: 4.7.2.1 Levels of organisation

Designed for the new specification AQA GCSE course but can be modified for other exam boards. 20 slides covering Stem cells. By the end of the powerpoint students would have covered: A stem cell is an undifferentiated cell of an organism which is capable of giving rise to many more cells of the same type, and from which certain other cells can arise from differentiation. Students should be able to describe the function of stem cells in embryos, in adult animals and in the meristems in plants. Stem cells from human embryos can be cloned and made to differentiate into most different types of human cells. Stem cells from adult bone marrow can form many types of cells including blood cells. Meristem tissue in plants can differentiate into any type of plant cell, throughout the life of the plant. Knowledge and understanding of stem cell techniques are not required. Treatment with stem cells may be able to help conditions such as diabetes and paralysis. In therapeutic cloning an embryo is produced with the same genes as the patient. Stem cells from the embryo are not rejected by the patient’s body so they may be used for medical treatment. The use of stem cells has potential risks such as transfer of viral infection, and some people have ethical or religious objections. Stem cells from meristems in plants can be used to produce clones of plants quickly and economically. • Rare species can be cloned to protect from extinction. • Crop plants with special features such as disease resistance can be cloned to produce large numbers of identical plants for farmers.

Designed for the new specification AQA GCSE course but can be modified for other exam boards. 21 slides covering The nervous system By the end of the powerpoint students would have covered: 4.5.2.1 Structure and function Students should be able to explain how the structure of the nervous system is adapted to its functions. The nervous system enables humans to react to their surroundings and to coordinate their behaviour. Information from receptors passes along cells (neurones) as electrical impulses to the central nervous system (CNS). The CNS is the brain and spinal cord. The CNS coordinates the response of effectors which may be muscles contracting or glands secreting hormones. stimulus --> receptor --> coordinator -->effector -->response Students should be able to explain how the various structures in a reflex arc – including the sensory neurone, synapse, relay neurone and motor neurone – relate to their function. Students should understand why reflex actions are important. Reflex actions are automatic and rapid; they do not involve the conscious part of the brain. Required practical activity 7: plan and carry out an investigation into the effect of a factor on human reaction time.