This lesson covers: a) Opportunity cost. b) Trade-offs. This lesson was written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

Complete teaching resources for a whole lesson including a PowerPoint and worksheet Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation NEW Pearson Edexcel International A Level Business (135) 2 Entrepreneurial motives & characteristic a) Characteristics and skills required. b) Reasons why people set up businesses: • financial motives: profit maximisation and profit satisficing • non-financial motives: ethical stance, social entrepreneurship, independence and home working.

232 Financial Planning 3 BREAK-EVEN This complete lesson includes: a) Contribution: selling price − variable cost per unit b) Break-even point: • total fixed costs + total variable costs = total revenue c) Using contribution to calculate the break-even point d) Margin of safety e) Interpretation of break-even charts f) Limitations of break-even analysis This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

233 Managing Finance 3 BUSINESS FAILURE This complete lesson includes: a) Internal causes of business failure: • poor management of cash flow • overestimation of sales • overtrading • poor inventory control • poor marketing Poor quality b) External causes of business failure: • market conditions • competition • economic • exchange rates • interest rates • government regulations • supplier problems • natural phenomena. This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

232 Financial Planning 2 SALES FORECASTING This complete lesson includes: a) Purpose of sales forecasts b) Factors affecting sales forecasts: • consumer trends • economic variables • actions of competitors c) Difficulties of sales forecasting This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

232 Financial Planning 1 SALES, REVENUE AND COSTS This complete lesson includes: a) Calculation of sales volume and sales revenue b) Calculation of fixed, variable costs, total costs and average costs c) Ways of improving sales volumes and sales revenues This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

2.3.1 Planning a business and raising finance 2 INTERNAL FINANCE This complete lesson will include: a) Owner’s capital: personal savings b) Retained profit c) Sale of assets This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

2.3.1 Planning a business and raising finance 1 PLANNING This complete lesson includes: a) Content of a business plan b) Relevance and uses of a business plan This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

234 Resource Management 2 CAPACITY UTILISATION This complete lesson includes: a) Capacity utilisation: current output (divided by) maximum possible output (× 100) b) Implications of under and over-utilisation of capacity c) Ways of improving capacity utilisation (under and over utilisation) This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

235 External influences 2 LEGISLATION This complete lesson includes: a) The effects on businesses of: • consumer protection • employee protection • environmental protection • competition policy • health and safety • intellectual property rights (copyright, patents and trademarks). This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

AQA A LEVEL BUSINESS NEW SPEC 311 understanding the nature and purpose of business Why businesses exist Business objectives such as: Profit Growth Survival Cash Flow Social Ethical The relationship between mission and objectives Why businesses set objectives The measurement and importance of profit: Revenue (also known as turnover or sales) Fixed Costs Variable Costs Total Costs This is a complete lesson including a PPT and worksheet This is lesson written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

AS(7131) A-level (7132) Specifications For teaching from September 2023 onwards For as exams in May/June 2024 onwards For a-level exams in May/June 2025 onwards Version 2.0 This lesson covers: The value of decision making based on data (scientific decision making) and on intuition Scientific decision making: Understanding and interpreting decision trees Calculating expected value and net gains. Decision making: Risks Rewards Uncertainty Opportunity cost The use and value of decision trees in decision making Influences on decision making: Mission Objectives Ethics The external environment including competition Resource constraints This lesson was written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

AQA A LEVEL BUSINESS 312 UNDERSTANDING DIFFERENT BUSINESS FORMS Reasons for choosing different forms of business and for changing business form Different forms of business: Sole traders Private limited companies Public limited companies Private sector organisations Public sector organisations Non-profit organisations Social Enterprises Issues with different forms of business include: Unlimited and limited liability Ordinary share capital Market capitalisation Dividends The role of shareholders and why they invest Influences on share price and the significance of share price changes The effects of ownership on mission and objectives This is a complete lesson including a PPT and worksheet This is lesson written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

AQA A LEVEL BUSINESS 313 UNDERSTANDING THAT BUSINESSES OPERATE WITHIN AN EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT How the external environment can affect costs and demand Factors influencing costs and demand to include the effect of: • competition • market conditions • incomes • interest rates • demographic factors • environmental issues and fair trade This is a complete lesson including a PPT and worksheet This is lesson written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

AS(7131) A-level (7132) Specifications For teaching from September 2023 onwards For as exams in May/June 2024 onwards For a-level exams in May/June 2025 onwards Version 2.0 This lesson covers: The elements of the marketing mix (7Ps) The influences on and effects of changes in the elements of the marketing mix The marketing mix should be considered for goods and services, both industrial and consumer. Product decisions the value of product portfolio analysis and the Boston Matrix the value of the product life cycle model including extension strategies influences on and the value of new product development. Pricing decisions Pricing decisions should include penetration and price skimming. and in part 2 Decisions about the promotional mix Promotional decisions should include: the value of branding Social media Viral Marketing Distribution (place) decisions Distribution decisions should include multichannel distribution. Decisions relating to other elements of the marketing mix: people, process and physical environment The importance of and influences on an integrated marketing mix include: the position in the product life cycle the Boston Matrix the type of product marketing objectives the target market competition positioning. Understanding the value of digital marketing and e-commerce This lesson was written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

AS(7131) A-level (7132) Specifications For teaching from September 2023 onwards For as exams in May/June 2024 onwards For a-level exams in May/June 2025 onwards Version 2.0 This lesson covers: Internal and external sources of finance debt factoring overdrafts retained profits share capital loans venture capital crowd funding Advantages and disadvantages of different sources of finance for short and long term uses This lesson was written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

This lesson includes a PowerPoint and a worksheet and covers: Edexcel GCSE Business 1.1.1 The Dynamic nature of business complete lesson This lesson includes: Why new business ideas come about: Changes in technology Changes in what consumers want Products and services becoming obsolete How new business ideas come about: Original ideas Adapting existing products/services/ideas Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

This lesson includes a PowerPoint and a worksheet and covers: a) Creating and setting up a business b) Running and expanding/developing a business c) Innovation within a business (intrapreneurship) d) Barriers to entrepreneurship e) Anticipating risk and uncertainty in the business environment Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation