2.4.1 Production, productivity and efficiency a) Methods of production: o job o batch o flow o cell b) Productivity: o output per unit of input per time period: factors influencing productivity link between productivity and competitiveness c) Efficiency: o production at minimum average cost: factors influencing efficiency distinction between labour and capital intensive production 2.4.2 Capacity utilisation a) Capacity utilisation: o current output (divided by) maximum possible output (x 100) b) Implications of under- and over-utilisation of capacity c) Ways of improving capacity utilisation 2.4.3 Stock control a) Interpretation of stock control diagram b) Buffer stocks c) Implications of poor stock control d) Just in time (JIT) management of stock e) Waste minimisation f) Competitive advantage from lean production 2.4.4 Quality management a) Quality: o control o assurance o circles o Total Quality Management (TQM) b) Continuous improvement (Kaizen) c) Competitive advantage from quality management

1.4.1 Approaches to staffing a) Staff as an asset; staff as a cost b) Flexible workforce: o multi-skilling o part-time and temporary o flexible hours and home working o outsourcing c) Distinction between dismissal and redundancy d) Employer/employee relationships o individual approach o collective bargaining 1.4.2 Recruitment, selection and training a) Recruitment and selection process: o internal versus external recruitment b) Costs of recruitment, selection and training c) Types of training: o induction o on-the-job o off-the-job 1.4.3 Organisational design a) Structure: o hierarchy o chain of command o span of control o centralised and decentralised b) Types of structure: o tall o flat o matrix c) Impact of different organisational structures on business efficiency and motivation 1.4.4 Motivation in theory and practice a) The importance of employee motivation to a business b) Motivation theories: o Taylor (scientific management) o Mayo (human relations theory) o Maslow (hierarchy of needs) o Herzberg (two factor theory) c) Financial incentives to improve employee performance: o piecework o commission o bonus o profit share o performance-related pay d) Non-financial techniques to improve employee performance: o delegation o consultation o empowerment o team working o flexible working o job enrichment o job rotation o job enlargement 1.4.5 Leadership a) Leadership: o the distinction between management and leadership b) Types of leadership style: o autocratic o paternalistic o democratic o laissez-faire

Pearson Edexcel International GCSE in Business (iGCSE) 1.6.3 The effect of interest rates on: • businesses • consumer spending. This is a complete lesson with a PPT and a worksheet Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

Pearson Edexcel International GCSE in Business (iGCSE) 1.5.4 The impact of exchange rate changes: • on international competitiveness • on importers and exporters. This is a complete lesson with a PPT and a worksheet written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

Pearson Edexcel International GCSE in Business (iGCSE) 1.5.3 Exchange rate calculation. This is a complete lesson with a PPT and a worksheet Written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

Pearson Edexcel International GCSE in Business 1.3.1 Primary, secondary and tertiary activities 1.3.1 Primary, secondary and tertiary activities: • primary sector – extracting raw materials from the earth • secondary sector – converting raw materials into finished or semi-finished goods • tertiary sector – provision of a wide variety of services. This is a complete lesson with a teacher PowerPoint and a student worksheet. Written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

Pearson Edexcel International GCSE in Business 1.1.1. Businesses can have several objectives 1.1.1 Businesses can have several objectives: • financial aims and objectives - survival, profit, sales, market share, financial security • non-financial aims and objectives - social objectives, personal satisfaction, challenge, independence and control. This is a complete lesson with a teacher PowerPoint and a student worksheet. Written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

Revisionstation’s A-Z revision ideas booklet 26 pages of 130 revision ideas, challenges, games, memory techniques, and time management tools in one fabulous booklet Perfect for revision lessons or send a digital copy to all students Ideal for any subject and any topic

This lesson is suitable for students that need extra support with the tricky topic of Quantitative Sales Forecasting It is written for students studying Edexcel A level Business but would also suit students on the Pearson International Edexcel A level business course. This includes a worksheet and a separate answer booklet in Word and PDF format Written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

This lesson is suitable for students that need extra support with the tricky topic of Income Elasticity of Demand (YED) It is written for students studying Edexcel A level Business but would also suit students on the Pearson International Edexcel A level business course. This includes a worksheet and a separate answer booklet in Word and PDF format Written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

AQA GCSE Business 3.1.2 Business Ownership Complete teaching resources for a whole lesson including a PowerPoint and worksheet Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation Students should be able to: understand the different legal structures that businesses adopt • Sole traders • Partnerships • Private limited companies (ltd) • Public limited companies (plc) • Not-for-profit organisations analyse the benefits and drawbacks of each legal structure (including issues such as management and control, sources of finance available, liability and distribution of profits) understand the concept of limited liability and which legal structures benefit from this evaluate which legal structure would be most appropriate for a variety of business examples, including new start-up businesses and large established businesses.

Students should: Be able to assess the impact of legislation on businesses Be aware of the benefits for providing a safe working environment Understand employment law including: national minimum wage/living wage the Equality Act (2010) Health and safety law including: the Health and Safety at Work Act (1974) Understand consumer law including trade descriptions This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

Students should: be familiar with the promotional methods which are likely to be used by a given business appreciate the benefits and drawbacks of promotional methods used by businesses be able to analyse factors influencing the selection of the promotion mix to assess their suitability for a given business Complete lesson written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

Students should be able to: understand the difference between variable costs, fixed costs and total costs understand the concept of revenue, costs, profit and loss understand the main investment projects that businesses undertake, including investment in new machinery, buildings and vehicles and be able to calculate the average rate of return for these projects understand the meaning of the term break-even output and interpret break-even charts identify the break-even level of output and margin of safety from a break-even chart evaluate the value of using break-even analysis to a business. Complete lesson written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

This complete lesson covers: The roles and objectives of internal and external stakeholder groups Owners, employees, customers, suppliers, government and the local community The effect business activity has on stakeholders The effect stakeholders have on business This is written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

This complete lesson covers: The concept of limited liability The features of different types of business ownership Sole traders, partnerships, private and public limited companies The suitability of differing types of ownership in different business contexts Start-ups and established businesses It is written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

This lesson covers: The 4 Ps of marketing and their importance Product Design, invention, innovation Product stages of the lifecycle Introduction, growth, maturity, decline Pricing methods Skimming, cost-plus, penetration, competitor, promotional Promotion – point of sale Price reductions, loss leaders, competitions, free samples Promotion - advertising Social media, websites, print media, television, radio Place – distribution of products and services Digital and physical distribution channels How the 4 Ps of the marketing mix work together The use of the marketing mix to inform and implement business decisions Interpretation of market data Changes in demand target market and market share changes in product effects of promotion This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

This lesson covers: The use of segmentation to target customers Age Gender Income Location Lifestyle This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

This lesson covers: Different organisational structures Tall, flat The terminology of organisation charts Span of control, chain of command, delegation, subordinates, authority Why businesses have different organisational structures Importance of effective communication, different job roles and responsibilities, different ways of working Ways of working Full-time, part-time, flexible working, temporary work, working from home, working whilst mobile, self-employed This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton for Revisonstation

This lesson covers: Why businesses recruit Replace employees who leave, business growth, skill gaps Methods of selection CV, application form, letter of application, interviews, tests, group activities, references The use of different recruitment methods to meet different business needs internal methods, external methods, job description and person specification This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation