This lesson includes a PowerPoint and a worksheet and covers: a) Opportunity cost b) Choices and potential trade-offs Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

This lesson includes a PowerPoint and a worksheet and covers: a) Purpose of budgets b) Types of budget: o historical figures o zero based c) Variance analysis d) Difficulties of budgeting Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

This lesson includes a PowerPoint and a worksheet and covers: a) Calculation of sales volume and sales revenue b) Calculation of fixed and variable costs Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

EDEXCEL GCSE BUSINESS 1.5.3 LEGISLATION AND BUSINESS (COMPLETE LESSON) 153 This lesson includes a PowerPoint and a worksheet and covers: The purpose of legislation: Principles of consumer law: quality and consumer rights Principles of employment law: recruitment, pay, discrimination, and health and safety The impact of legislation on businesses: Cost Consequences of meeting and not meeting these obligations Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

EDEXCEL GCSE BUSINESS 1.4.1 OPTIONS FOR START UP AND SMALL BUSINESS (COMPLETE LESSON) 141 This lesson includes a PowerPoint and a worksheet and covers: The concept of limited liability: ● limited and unlimited liability ● the implications for the business owner(s) of limited and unlimited liability. The types of business ownership for start-ups: ● sole trader, partnership, private limited company ● the advantages and disadvantages of each type of business ownership. The option of starting up and running a franchise operation: ● the advantages and disadvantages of franchising. Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

2.3.1 Profit a) Calculation of: o gross profit o operating profit o profit for the year (net profit) b) Statement of comprehensive income (profit and loss account): o measuring profitability: calculation of gross profit margin, operating profit margin, and profit for the year (net profit) margin o ways to improve profitability c) Distinction between profit and cash 2.3.2 Liquidity a) Statement of financial position (balance sheet): o measuring liquidity: calculating current ratio and acid test ratio o ways to improve liquidity b) Working capital and its management: the importance of cash 2.3.3 Business failure a) Internal and external causes of business failure: o financial factors o non-financial factors

a) Market mapping b) Competitive advantage of a product or service c) The purpose of product differentiation d) Adding value to products/services

Pearson Edexcel International A Level Business (332) 1 Growth a) Objectives of growth: • economies of scale (internal and external) • increased market power over customers and suppliers • increased market share and brand recognition • increased profitability. b) The distinction between inorganic and organic growth. Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

Pearson Edexcel International A Level Business (333) 1 Quantitative sales forecasting a) Calculation of time-series analysis: moving averages (three period/four quarter). b) Interpretation of scatter graphs and line of best fit: extrapolation of past data to future. c) Limitations of quantitative sales forecasting techniques. Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

Pearson Edexcel International A Level Business (332) 4 Problems arising from growth a) Diseconomies of scale. b) Internal communication. c) Overtrading. Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

Pearson Edexcel International A Level Business (333) 4 Critical path analysis a) Nature and purpose of critical path analysis. b) Complete and interpret simple networks to identify the critical path. c) Calculate: • earliest start time • latest finish time • total float. d) Limitations of using critical path analysis. Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

Pearson Edexcel International A Level Business (333) 5 Contribution a) Nature and purpose of contribution. b) Calculation and interpretation of contribution. c) Use of contribution as a decision-making technique. Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

Pearson Edexcel International A Level Business (334) 2 Stakeholder model versus shareholder model a) Internal and external stakeholders. b) Stakeholder objectives. c) Stakeholder and shareholder influences: • stakeholder: that the business considers all of its stakeholders in its business decisions/objectives • shareholder: that the business should focus purely on shareholder returns (increasing share price and dividends) in its business decisions/objectives. d) The potential for conflict between profit-based (shareholder) and wider objectives (stakeholder). Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

Pearson Edexcel International A Level Business (336) 1 Key factors in change a) Organisational culture. b) Size of organisation. c) Time/speed of change. d) Managing resistance to change. e) Transformative leadership. Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

Pearson Edexcel International A Level Business (335) 3 Human resources a) Calculate and interpret the following to help make business decisions: • labour productivity • labour turnover and retention • absenteeism. b) Limitations of these calculations. c) Human resource strategies to increase productivity and retention and to reduce turnover and absenteeism: • financial rewards • employee share ownership • consultation strategies • empowerment strategies. Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

1.3.1 Product/service design a) Design mix: o function o aesthetics o cost b) Changes in the elements of the design mix to reflect social trends: o concern over resource depletion: designing for waste minimisation, re-use and recycling o ethical sourcing 1.3.2 Branding and promotion a) Types of promotion b) Types of branding c) The benefits of strong branding: o added value o ability to charge premium prices o reduced price elasticity of demand d) Ways to build a brand o unique selling points (USPs)/differentiation o advertising o sponsorship o the use of social media e) Changes in branding and promotion to reflect social trends: o viral marketing o social media o emotional branding 1.3.3 Pricing strategies a) Types of pricing strategy: o cost plus (calculating mark-up on unit cost) o price skimming o penetration o predatory o competitive o psychological b) Factors that determine the most appropriate pricing strategy for a particular situation: o number of USPs/amount of differentiation o price elasticity of demand o level of competition in the business environment o strength of brand o stage in the product life cycle o costs and the need to make a profit c) Changes in pricing to reflect social trends: o online sales o price comparison sites 1.3.4 Distribution a) Distribution channels b) Changes in distribution to reflect social trends: o online distribution o changing from product to service 1.3.5 Marketing strategy a) The product life cycle b) Extension strategies: o product o promotion c) Boston Matrix and the product portfolio d) Marketing strategies appropriate for different types of market: o mass markets o niche markets o business to business (B2B) and business to consumer (B2C) marketing e) Consumer behaviour – how businesses develop customer loyalty

This lesson is suitable for students that need extra support with the tricky topic of Investment Appraisal (IA) It is written for students studying Edexcel A level Business but would also suit students on the Pearson International Edexcel A level business course. This includes a worksheet and a separate answer booklet in Word and PDF format Written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

This lesson is suitable for students that need extra support with the tricky topic of decision trees It is written for students studying Edexcel A level Business but would also suit students on the Pearson International Edexcel A level business course. This includes a worksheet and a separate answer booklet in Word and PDF format Written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

This lesson is suitable for students that need extra support with the tricky topic of critical path analysis (CPA) It is written for students studying Edexcel A level Business but would also suit students on the Pearson International Edexcel A level business course. This includes a worksheet and a separate answer booklet in Word and PDF format Written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

Students should be able to identify and analyse where there may be a possible trade off between ethics and profit understand that ethical behaviour requires businesses to act in ways that stakeholders consider to be both fair and honest demonstrate knowledge and understanding of how business and consumers accept greater environmental responsibility in their decision making and the costs and benefits of businesses behaving this way identify and analyse where there may be a possible trade-off between sustainability and profit Students are expected to know relevant examples of ways in which a business can behave ethically and the benefits and drawbacks of ethical behaviour. This complete lesson was written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation